【help的用法】“Help”是一个非常常见的英语动词,意思是“帮助”。它在日常交流中使用频率很高,既可以作为及物动词,也可以作为不及物动词,还常用于一些固定搭配中。掌握“help”的不同用法,有助于提高英语表达的准确性与灵活性。
一、基本用法总结
类型 | 结构 | 例句 | 说明 |
及物动词 | help + 宾语 | She helps her brother with his homework. | 直接帮助某人做某事 |
不及物动词 | help (without an object) | I can’t help but laugh. | 表示“忍不住”或“无法控制” |
帮助某人做某事 | help + someone + (to) do something | He helped me find my way. | 后接动词不定式(to do)可省略to |
帮助某人做某事(被动结构) | be helped by someone | The child was helped by a kind stranger. | 强调被帮助的状态 |
固定搭配:help with | help with + 名词 | Can you help me with this problem? | 表示“帮助处理某事” |
固定搭配:help out | help out + 某人/某事 | He helped out at the event. | 表示“协助完成某项任务” |
固定搭配:help oneself to | help oneself to + 食物/饮料 | Help yourself to some tea. | 表示“自取”或“随意享用” |
二、常见搭配与用法解析
1. help + someone + (to) do something
这是最常见的结构,表示“帮助某人做某事”。其中,“to”可以省略。例如:
- She helped me (to) fix the computer.
- They helped us (to) move into the new house.
2. help with + 名词
用于表示“帮助处理某件事”,常用于口语和书面语中。例如:
- Can you help with the cleaning?
- I need help with my math homework.
3. help out
“help out”是“help”的一种延伸用法,强调“协助”或“帮忙解决困难”。例如:
- I’ll help out if you need it.
- He helped out during the busy season.
4. help oneself to
用于餐桌或聚会场景,表示“请自便”或“随意取用”。例如:
- Help yourself to some cake.
- You can help yourself to coffee.
5. can’t help but do something
表示“忍不住做某事”,后面接动词原形。例如:
- I can’t help but smile when I see her.
- He couldn’t help but cry when he heard the news.
三、注意事项
- “help”在句子中作谓语时,要注意主谓一致。
- 在“help + someone + (to) do something”结构中,如果“someone”是人称代词(如him, her),通常不加“to”。
- “help”有时也可以作为名词使用,如:“This book is a great help.”
通过以上总结可以看出,“help”虽然简单,但用法多样,灵活度高。在实际运用中,根据上下文选择合适的结构,能够使语言更加自然、地道。