【necessary的用法总结大全】在英语学习中,“necessary”是一个非常常见的形容词,表示“必要的、必须的”。它在句子中可以作表语、定语或宾语补足语。掌握其用法对于提高英语表达能力非常重要。以下是对“necessary”的用法进行系统的总结,结合实例和表格形式,帮助大家更清晰地理解和记忆。
一、基本含义与常见搭配
| 词性 | 含义 | 常见搭配 |
| 形容词 | 必要的,必须的 | be necessary, it is necessary to do something, need to do something |
二、主要用法分类
1. 作表语(be + necessary)
- 结构:It is necessary (for someone) to do something
- 例句:
- It is necessary for students to study hard.
- It is necessary that he arrive on time.
> 注意:在正式语境中,"that" 引导的从句中动词要用虚拟语气(即动词原形)。
2. 作定语(名词前)
- 结构:a necessary thing / person / action
- 例句:
- We need a necessary plan to succeed.
- A necessary step in the process is to check the data.
3. 作宾语补足语(用于某些动词后)
- 结构:make + 宾语 + necessary
- 例句:
- The manager made the report necessary for all employees.
- They made it necessary for us to act quickly.
> 这种结构较为少见,多用于书面语或正式场合。
4. 与 “need” 搭配使用
- 结构:need + to do something = be necessary to do something
- 例句:
- You need to bring your ID.
- It is necessary for you to bring your ID.
> 两者意义相近,但“need”更强调主观上的必要性,而“necessary”更偏向客观上的必须性。
5. 与 “have to” 搭配使用
- 结构:have to do something = be necessary to do something
- 例句:
- I have to finish this report today.
- It is necessary for me to finish this report today.
> 这两种表达都可以表示“不得不做某事”,但“have to”更口语化。
三、常见错误与注意事项
| 常见错误 | 正确用法 | 解释 |
| It is necessary that he goes there. | It is necessary that he go there. | 在正式语境中,"that"引导的从句中动词要用原形(虚拟语气)。 |
| He is necessary to come. | He is necessary to come. | “necessary”不能直接跟不定式,应改为 “It is necessary for him to come.” |
| This is a necessary information. | This is necessary information. | “necessary”作定语时,不能加冠词“a”,因为它是抽象名词性质。 |
四、常用句型总结
| 句型 | 说明 | 例句 |
| It is necessary to do something | 表示“做某事是必要的” | It is necessary to review your notes before the exam. |
| It is necessary that... | 表示“……是必要的”(虚拟语气) | It is necessary that we leave now. |
| Be necessary for someone to do something | 表示“对某人来说做某事是必要的” | It is necessary for you to know the rules. |
| Need to do something | 表示“需要做某事” | I need to call my mother. |
| Have to do something | 表示“不得不做某事” | She has to work late tonight. |
五、小结
“necessary”是一个非常实用的形容词,在日常交流和写作中都经常出现。掌握它的不同用法,尤其是作为表语和定语时的区别,以及与 “need”、“have to” 的搭配,有助于提高语言的准确性和地道性。通过不断练习和积累,相信大家能够更加自如地运用这个词汇。
如需进一步了解其他类似词汇(如 important, essential 等),欢迎继续关注!


